On the composition of modern printing press

Talking about the composition of modern printing press

modern printing press is generally composed of plate loading, inking, embossing, paper feeding and other mechanisms. When it works, it first makes the text and image to be printed into a printing plate, which is installed on the printing machine, and then the ink is applied to the place where the text and image are on the printing plate manually or by the printing machine, and then directly or indirectly transferred to the paper or other substrate, so as to copy the same printed matter as the printing plate

printing machines are divided into relief, lithography, intaglio and hole printing machines according to the form of printing plates; According to the plate mounting and embossing structure, it is divided into flat press, round press and round press

relief printing machine is the oldest printing machine. The graphic part of the printing plate surface is convex and the blank part is concave. When the machine works, the rubber roller with ink on the surface rolls over the surface of the printing plate, and the convex graphic part is stained with a uniform ink layer, while the concave blank part is not stained with ink. The pressure mechanism transfers the ink to the surface of the printed matter, so as to obtain a clear impression and copy the required printed matter

relief printing machines mainly have three types: flat press, round press and round press. Flat relief printing machine is also called flat press printing machine. The plate table and imprinting mechanism of the printing plate are planar. When working, the printing plate is in full contact with the imprinting plate. The total pressure borne by the machine at one time is relatively large, and the relative imprinting time is longer. This kind of printing machine requires that the printing plate and embossing plate be flat and the printing format is small; The circular platen relief printing machine is also called platform printing machine. The platen of the printing plate is flat, and the embossing mechanism is a circular cylinder. When the machine is working, the plate table moves back and forth, and the printing speed is limited, so the output is not high; The rotary relief printing machine, also known as the rotary transfer printing brush machine, is equipped with printing plates. Only a few enterprises with the production capacity of relevant materials in the country have the plate table and the stamping mechanism are circular rollers. When the machine is working, the embossing cylinder moves with the printed matter and contacts with the printing plate cylinder. The embossing cylinder and plate cylinder rotate continuously and rapidly, so the productivity is high

the graphic part of the printing plate surface of the lithographic press is almost on the same plane as the blank part. It uses the principle that water and oil repel each other, which will inevitably affect the normal work, so that the graphic part is resistant to water and oil, and the blank part is resistant to oil and water and does not stick to ink. The beam - the main beam of the experimental machine, under the action of pressure, makes the ink in the inking part transfer to the surface of the printed matter, so as to complete the printing process

after adopting the indirect printing method, the lithographic printing machine has developed rapidly with many varieties, such as the micro offset printing machine for office, the large, multi-color, high-speed offset rotary machine for books, newspapers and magazines, and the lithographic printing machine for flat paper or web paper, single-sided printing or double-sided printing. Among them, monochrome Offset Press and web offset press are representative. Electronic computer control devices have been widely used in lithographic printing machines, and the technology is becoming more and more advanced. Plate making equipment has also developed to use electronic color separators, and pre coated photosensitive plates are widely used

the main feature of gravure printing machine is that the graphic part on the printing plate is concave and the blank part is convex, which is exactly opposite to the layout structure of gravure printing machine. When printing monochrome, the machine first rolls the printing plate in the ink tank, and the whole printing plate surface is coated with ink layer. Then, scrape off the ink layer on the blank part of the printing plate surface, and the convex part forms a blank, while the concave part is filled with ink. The deeper the concave part is, the thicker the ink layer is. The machine transfers the ink in the concave part to the printed matter through pressure, so as to obtain the printed matter

when printing multicolor, overprint method or indirect local inking method is adopted, so that the inks of various colors are distributed on the relevant parts of the printing plate surface according to the needs. The basic printing principle of printing multicolor is the same as that of printing monochrome. There are mainly two kinds of printing plates used by gravure printing machines. One is photographic gravure, that is, photocopying plate; The other is engraving. The engraving of the engraving plate includes manual engraving, mechanical engraving and electronic engraving

the screen printing brush machine is a representative printing equipment in the hole printing machine. Its printing plate is a crisscross, longitude and latitude clear silk woven from real silk and other materials. It has produced many kinds of silk printing machines, such as plane, curved surface, forming, printing and dyeing, printed circuit and new type of rotation. Among them, the speed and productivity of the new rotary silk printing machine are relatively high. Its characteristic is that the silk is installed on the drum and the ink is poured in the drum. When the machine is working, the drum rotates, and the rubber scraper quickly prints the pattern on the printed matter

in addition to real silk, nylon wire, copper wire, steel wire or stainless steel wire can also be used to make silk. The principle of hole printing applied by screen printing brush machine originated from ancient template printing. There are many forms of stencil printing, such as transcribing, stencil printing and silk printing

many export enterprise customers also have requirements

silk printing was initially manually operated. At that time, there was only one frame, one silk plate and one template. It was not until the 1950s that silk printing was mechanized and automated. The roller type silk printing machine has a large amount of ink when printing, which is suitable for printing printed materials with thick ink layer. It can be printed on all kinds of paper, glass, wood, metal, ceramics, plastic or cloth. It can use a variety of inks, including conductive metallic inks

modern printing machinery is further developing towards high speed, high efficiency and high quality. Large, multi-color, multi-function, as well as automated, linked, serialized models and models are also increasing

for example, on the basis of the original main types, the combination of units of the same type can change single-sided and monochrome printing into single-sided and multi-color printing, and can also change double-sided and monochrome printing into single-sided and two-color printing; Combined with different types of units, it can be recombined into offset printing, gravure printing, embossing and other combined printing machines as needed